OET interlinear ISA 28:22

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

וְ⁠עַתָּה֙

and=now

Isaiah uses the phrase And now to indicate a contrast between the leaders’ current mocking attitude and the serious judgment that is coming upon them. In your translation, indicate this contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [Because of this]

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-logic-goal

פֶּֽן־יֶחְזְק֖וּ מֽוֹסְרֵי⁠כֶ֑ם

or made_stronger fetters_of,your(pl)

The word lest marks your bonds strengthen as an outcome that Isaiah does not want to happen. He tells the leaders to stop mocking so that God will not punish them more severely. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that avoiding this outcome is the purpose of the instruction. Alternate translation: [if you do not want your bonds to strengthen]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

כָלָ֨ה

destruction

See how you translated the similar expression in [28:2](../28/02.md).

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

וְ⁠נֶחֱרָצָ֜ה

and,[that_which_has_been]_determined

The expression is decreed is a passive verbal form. If it would be unnatural to use that form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [Yahweh has decreed]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / aside

כִּֽי־כָלָ֨ה וְ⁠נֶחֱרָצָ֜ה שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי מֵ⁠אֵ֨ת אֲדֹנָ֧⁠י יְהוִ֛ה צְבָא֖וֹת עַל־כָּל־הָ⁠אָֽרֶץ

that/for/because/then/when destruction and,[that_which_has_been]_determined I_heard from,with my=master GOD armies/messengers on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in all/each/any/every the=earth/land

Isaiah has been conveying Yahweh’s warning to the leaders, but now he briefly interjects his own testimony, —I have heard from the Lord, Yahweh of Armies—, to confirm the divine source of this message. If it would be helpful in your language, you could set this aside apart from the surrounding text. Alternate translation: [For destruction is decreed over all of the earth. I, Isaiah, have heard from the Lord, Yahweh of Armies.]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / hyperbole

עַל כָּל הָ⁠אָֽרֶץ

on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in all/each/any/every the=earth/land

Isaiah says over all of the earth as an extreme statement for emphasis. He means that the destruction will be extensive and devastating. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: [over all the nations of the earth]