OET interlinear ISA 28:13

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וְ⁠כָשְׁל֤וּ אָחוֹר֙ וְ⁠נִשְׁבָּ֔רוּ וְ⁠נוֹקְשׁ֖וּ וְ⁠נִלְכָּֽדוּ

and,they_will_stumble backward and,they_will_be_broken and,they_will_be_ensnared and,they_will_be_captured

Isaiah is speaking as if the leaders were people who stumble backward and fall into traps. He means that because they rejected Yahweh’s word, they will experience defeat and captivity. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [and face defeat and captivity]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

וְ⁠נִשְׁבָּ֔רוּ

and,they_will_be_broken

The expression be broken is a passive verbal form. If it would be unnatural to use that form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [and collapse]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

וְ⁠נוֹקְשׁ֖וּ

and,they_will_be_ensnared

The expression be ensnared is a passive verbal form. If it would be unnatural to use that form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [and their enemies will ensnare them]

Note 4 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

וְ⁠הָיָ֨ה & דְּבַר־יְהוָ֗ה

and=it_was & message/matter_of YHWH

The connecting word So here indicates that what follows is a result of what came before. Because the leaders refused Yahweh’s offer of rest, his word will become for them mere repetitive sounds they cannot understand. Use a connector in your language that makes this clear. Alternate translation: [As a result, the word of Yahweh will be]

Note 5 topic: grammar-connect-logic-goal

לְמַ֨עַן

so_that

The word so that marks the consequence of the leaders stumbling backward and being broken and ensnared and captured as the purpose of Yahweh’s making his word sound like incomprehensible repetition. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose. Alternate translation: [in order that]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

וְ⁠נִלְכָּֽדוּ

and,they_will_be_captured

The expression be captured is a passive verbal form. If it would be unnatural to use that form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [and capture them]