OET interlinear ISA 8:22

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

צָרָ֤ה וַ⁠חֲשֵׁכָה֙

distress and,darkness

If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of trouble and darkness, you could express the same ideas in other ways. See how you translated the similar expression in [5:30](../05/30.md). Alternate translation: [dark and troubling things]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

צָרָ֤ה וַ⁠חֲשֵׁכָה֙ מְע֣וּף צוּקָ֔ה וַ⁠אֲפֵלָ֖ה

distress and,darkness gloom_of anguish and,darkness

Here Isaiah is speaking as if judgment and hopelessness were darkness and thick darkness. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [trouble and despair, overwhelming anguish, and into deep hopelessness]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

מְע֣וּף צוּקָ֔ה

gloom_of anguish

If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of gloom and anguish, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: [gloomy and painful]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

מְע֣וּף צוּקָ֔ה

gloom_of anguish

Isaiah is using the possessive form to describe gloom that is characterized by anguish. If a speaker of your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could express this idea in another way. Alternate translation: [anguished gloom]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

מְנֻדָּֽח

thrust

The expression he will be driven away is a passive verbal form. If it would be unnatural to use that form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who does the action, the context indicates that it is his enemies. Alternate translation: [his enemies will drive him away]