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OET interlinear PROV 8:16

◄ ← PROV 8:16 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. בִּ,י
    2. 389891,389892
    3. By me
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp1cs
    7. by,me
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271456
    1. שָׂרִים
    2. 389893
    3. princes
    4. princes
    5. 8269
    6. S-Ncmpa
    7. princes
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271457
    1. יָשֹׂרוּ
    2. 389894
    3. they rule
    4. -
    5. 8323
    6. V-Vqi3mp
    7. they_rule
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271458
    1. וּ,נְדִיבִים
    2. 389895,389896
    3. and noble people
    4. and nobles
    5. 5081
    6. S-C,Aampa
    7. and,noble_[people]
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271459
    1. כָּל
    2. 389897
    3. all of
    4. -
    5. 3605
    6. S-Ncmsc
    7. all_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271460
    2. 389898
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 271461
    1. שֹׁפְטֵי
    2. 389899
    3. judges of
    4. -
    5. 8199
    6. S-Vqrmpc
    7. judges_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271462
    1. צֶֽדֶק
    2. 389900
    3. righteousness
    4. -
    5. 6664
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. righteousness
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271463
    2. 389901
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 271464

OET (OET-LV) By_me princes they_rule and_noble_people all_of judges_of righteousness.

OET (OET-RV) By me, princes and nobles rule—
 ⇔ judging with impartiality.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 8:1–36: Wisdom calls out to people and reminds them of the benefits of being wise

In contrast to the previous section describing the adulterous woman, this section describes personified Wisdom. The public setting for Wisdom’s speech is described in 8:1–3. In 8:4–11, she addresses all mankind and describes her own character. In 8:12–21, she provides reasons why people should choose her. Additional motivation is given in 8:22–31: Wisdom was with the LORD when he created the world. The section ends with Wisdom appealing to mankind to follow her teaching (8:32–36).

This section is a speech by personified Wisdom. As in Wisdom’s speech in 1:20–33, the Notes have used a capital letter for Wisdom in most verses. However, in her speech, Wisdom sometimes refers to “wisdom” as an ability that people have or use or should try to obtain. In some of these contexts, the Notes have used small letters for “wisdom.” The Display will often give more than one option. You may use either option in your language, depending on what is appropriate in each context.

Some other headings for this section are:

Wisdom’s Call (NIV)

Listen to Wisdom (NCV)

The good qualities of Wisdom

Wisdom’s second invitation to people

Paragraph 8:12–21

After again identifying herself and the qualities that she is associated with (12–13), Wisdom describes why people should choose her. They should choose her because she is the basis of an orderly society (14–16). She is also the source of wealth and other benefits to those who seek and find her (17–21).

8:16

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning.

16aBy me princes rule,

16band all nobles who govern justly.

There is an ellipsis in 8:16b. In some languages, it may be necessary to supply the missing words. For example:

16band by me all nobles who govern justly rule.

8:16a

By me princes rule,

By me princes rule: The word princes refers to anyone who belongs to the ruling class. It does not refer specifically to the sons of kings. For example:

Rulers lead with my help (NLT)

8:16a–b

(combined/reordered)

8:16b

and all nobles who govern justly.

and all nobles who govern justly: There is a textual issue here:There are actually more than two textual differences. The REB follows a different Hebrew text. The Notes have condensed the varieties into two main differences: “judges of righteousness” versus “judges of the earth.”

  1. Some Hebrew manuscripts have: “nobles, all judges of righteousness.” For example:

    and nobles, all who govern rightly (NRSV) (BSB, NRSV, NASB, ESV, NJB, NCV, NLT, CEV, NJPS, NET)

  2. Other Hebrew manuscripts and the LXX have: “nobles, all judges of the earth.” For example:

    and nobles govern the earth (RSV) (RSV, NIV, GNT)

It is recommended that you follow option (1), because it is more likely to have been the original text. Also it better fits the parallel idea of 8:15b.Textual option (1) is the one in the printed editions of the Masoretic Text. It is recommended by the UBS HOTTP (Hebrew Old Testament Text Project). It is the more difficult or unexpected reading, since the phrase “judges of the earth” occurs elsewhere (e.g., Psalm 2:10, 148:11, Isaiah 40:23). Scribes were thus more likely to have changed an original “judges of righteousness” to “judges of the earth.” Scholars who support option (1) include: McKane, Murphy, NET, and Garrett. Scholars who support option (2) include: Fox, Delitzsch, Hubbard, Toy, and Scott. Whybray says the two alternatives are equally balanced. As a practical translation issue, the content of text (2) would also be implied in text (1), since the “judges of righteousness” are on the earth.

nobles: The word nobles refers to a man who belongs to the ruling class.

who govern justly: In Hebrew, this phrase is literally “all judges of righteousness.” It refers here to any government leader who governs or rules in a just or fair manner.The NJB translates this as “the lawful authorities.” This translation (presumably following Dahood’s rendering “all legitimate rulers”) is supported by Garrett (pages 107–108) and McKane (page 348), based on the fact that ṣedeq can mean “legitimacy” in Ugaritic and Phoenician. The normal meaning of the root in Hebrew “just/righteous” makes good sense. It is a well-established fact that cognates in related languages often differ in sense. It does not refer specifically to someone who presides over a law court. Another way to translate this phrase is:

so do all important people who judge fairly (NCV)

General Comment on 8:15–16

The four lines of these two verses are all parallel. In some languages, there may not be four different words for different kinds of rulers, so it may be more natural to combine these verses. For example:

15–16It is by means of me that kings and other leaders rule their countries and make good/just laws.

15–16I am the one that helps kings and all other leaders in the government to rule their countries/people well and to make laws that are good/just.

The parallel parts of each verse may also be combined and/or reordered. See the Display for 8:15a–b (combined/reordered) and 8:16a–b (combined/reordered).

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

וּ֝⁠נְדִיבִ֗ים

and,noble_[people]

Wisdom, the speaker, is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and by me nobles rule” or “and by what is wise, nobles rule”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / distinguish

כָּל־שֹׁ֥פְטֵי צֶֽדֶק

all/each/any/every judges_of rightly

This phrase applies to princes and nobles and anyone else who rules by wisdom. It distinguishes all of these judges of righteousness from those who do not rule by wisdom and are not righteous. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases more clear. Alternate translation: “that is, all of them who are judges of righteousness”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

שֹׁ֥פְטֵי צֶֽדֶק

judges_of rightly

Here, Wisdom is using the possessive form to describe judges who are characterized by righteousness. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “righteous judges”

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

8:15-16 The best rulers choose wisdom to guide them (e.g., 1 Kgs 3:16-28).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. By me
    2. -
    3. 846,1978
    5. 389891,389892
    6. S-R,Sp1cs
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271456
    1. princes
    2. princes
    3. 8068
    5. 389893
    6. S-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271457
    1. they rule
    2. -
    3. 8121
    5. 389894
    6. V-Vqi3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271458
    1. and noble people
    2. and nobles
    3. 1987,5129
    5. 389895,389896
    6. S-C,Aampa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271459
    1. all of
    2. -
    3. 3671
    5. 389897
    6. S-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271460
    1. judges of
    2. -
    3. 7860
    5. 389899
    6. S-Vqrmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271462
    1. righteousness
    2. -
    3. 6584
    5. 389900
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 271463

OET (OET-LV) By_me princes they_rule and_noble_people all_of judges_of righteousness.

OET (OET-RV) By me, princes and nobles rule—
 ⇔ judging with impartiality.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← PROV 8:16 ↑ → ► ║ ©