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Gen IntroC1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C10C11C12C13C14C15C16C17C18C19C20C21C22C23C24C25C26C27C28C29C30C31C32C33C34C35C36C37C38C39C40C41C42C43C44C45C46C47C48C49C50

Gen 21 V1V2V3V4V5V6V7V8V9V10V11V12V13V14V15V16V17V18V19V21V22V23V24V25V26V27V28V29V30V31V32V33V34

Parallel GEN 21:20

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed for doing comparisons of different translations. Click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

BI Gen 21:20 ©

Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clearImportance=normal(All still tentative.)

OET (OET-RV)As the boy grew up, God kept watch over him, and he lived in the wilderness and became an expert with the bow and arrow.

OET-LVAnd_he/it_was god with the_boy and_grew and_he/it_sat_down//remained//lived in/on/at/with_wilderness and_he/it_was a_shooter a_bowman.

UHBוַ⁠יְהִ֧י אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־הַ⁠נַּ֖עַר וַ⁠יִּגְדָּ֑ל וַ⁠יֵּ֨שֶׁב֙ בַּ⁠מִּדְבָּ֔ר וַ⁠יְהִ֖י רֹבֶ֥ה קַשָּֽׁת׃
   (va⁠yəhiy ʼₑlohim ʼet-ha⁠nnaˊar va⁠yyigdāl va⁠yyēsheⱱ ba⁠mmidbār va⁠yəhiy roⱱeh qashshāt.)

Key: khaki:verbs, blue:Elohim.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXXΚαὶ ἦν ὁ Θεὸς μετὰ τοῦ παιδίου· καὶ ηὐξήθη, καὶ κατῴκησεν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ· ἐγένετο δὲ τοξότης.
   (Kai aʸn ho Theos meta tou paidiou; kai aʸuxaʸthaʸ, kai katōkaʸsen en taʸ eraʸmōi; egeneto de toxotaʸs. )

BrTrAnd God was with the child, and he grew and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.

ULTAnd God was with the boy, and he grew up. And he lived in the wilderness and became a great bowman.

USTAs the boy grew up, God was with him and helped him. He lived in the Paran Desert and learned to hunt skillfully with a bow and arrows.

BSB  § And God was with the boy, and he grew up and settled in the wilderness and became a great archer.


OEBThe Lord was with the boy, and he grew up,

WEBBEGod was with the boy, and he grew. He lived in the wilderness, and as he grew up, he became an archer.

WMBB (Same as above)

NETGod was with the boy as he grew. He lived in the wilderness and became an archer.

LSVand God is with the youth, and he grows, and dwells in the wilderness, and is an archer;

FBVGod blessed Ishmael and he grew up, living in the desert. He became a skilled archer.

T4TGod helped the boy as he grew up. He lived in the desert and became a good archer/man who hunts with bow and arrows►.

LEBAnd God was with the boy, and he grew and lived in the wilderness. And he became an expert with a bow.[fn]


21:20 Literally “an archer with the bow”

BBEAnd God was with the boy, and he became tall and strong, and he became a bowman, living in the waste land.

MoffNo Moff GEN book available

JPSAnd God was with the lad, and he grew; and he dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.

ASVAnd God was with the lad, and he grew; and he dwelt in the wilderness, and became, as he grew up, an archer.

DRAAnd God was with him: and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became a young man, an archer.

YLTand God is with the youth, and he groweth, and dwelleth in the wilderness, and is an archer;

DrbyAnd [fn]God was with the lad, and he grew; and he dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.


21.20 Elohim

RVAnd God was with the lad, and he grew; and he dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.

WbstrAnd God was with the lad; and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.

KJB-1769And God was with the lad; and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.

KJB-1611And God was with the lad, and he grew, and dwelt in the wildernesse, and became an archer.
   (Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from punctuation)

BshpsAnd God was with the lad, and he grewe, and dwelt in the wyldernesse, and became a principall archer.
   (And God was with the lad, and he grewe, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became a principall archer.)

GnvaSo God was with the childe, and he grewe and dwelt in the wildernesse, and was an archer.
   (So God was with the child, and he grewe and dwelt in the wilderness, and was an archer. )

CvdlAnd God was with the childe, which grew vp, and dwelt in ye wildernes, and became a connynge archer,
   (And God was with the child, which grew up, and dwelt in ye/you_all wildernes, and became a connynge archer,)

Wycland was with him, and he encresside, and dwellide in wildernesse, and he was maad a yong man an archer,
   (and was with him, and he encresside, and dwelled/dwelt in wilderness, and he was made a young man an archer,)

LuthUnd GOtt war mit dem Knaben; der wuchs und wohnete in der Wüste und ward ein guter Schütze;
   (And God what/which with to_him Knaben; the/of_the wuchs and lived in the/of_the desert and what/which a good Schütze;)

ClVgEt fuit cum eo: qui crevit, et moratus est in solitudine, factusque est juvenis sagittarius.
   (And fuit when/with eo: who crevit, and moratus it_is in solitudine, factusque it_is yuvenis sagittarius. )


TSNTyndale Study Notes:

21:8-21 God used the incident of Ishmael’s mocking Isaac to separate Ishmael and Hagar from the family and the child of promise. They would constantly threaten the promised descendant if they remained with the family.


UTNuW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וַ⁠יְהִ֧י אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת הַ⁠נַּ֖עַר

and=he/it_was ʼElohīm DOM the,boy

This clause means that God guided, helped, protected, and blessed Ishmael, that is, he took care of him. Consider whether or not your language has an idiom that fits well here. Also consider again how you translated “boy/youth” in verses 12, 17-20. Alternate translation: “God was with the boy and blessed him,”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / infostructure

וַ⁠יִּגְדָּ֑ל וַ⁠יֵּ֨שֶׁב֙

and,grew and=he/it_sat_down//remained//lived

For some languages it may be clearer or more natural to change the order of the clauses in this verse and say, “As the boy/youth grew up/older, God was with him and helped/blessed him.” Do what is best in your language. Alternate translation: “as he grew up”

וַ⁠יֵּ֨שֶׁב֙ בַּ⁠מִּדְבָּ֔ר

and=he/it_sat_down//remained//lived in/on/at/with,wilderness

For some languages it is more natural to specify here in verse 20 that the name of the wilderness is Paran, rather than wait until verse 21, so that it is clear that both verses refer to the same wilderness. See how you translated the wilderness in verse 14. Alternate translation: “And he lived in the desert of Paran” or “He lived in the Paran Wilderness”

וַ⁠יְהִ֖י רֹבֶ֥ה קַשָּֽׁת

and=he/it_was expert bow

Alternate translation: “and became a skilled bowhunter”


BMMBibleMapper.com Maps:

Map

Isaac’s Travels

Genesis 21-35

Though the patriarch Isaac moved from place to place several times within southern Canaan, compared to his father Abraham and his son Jacob, Isaac appears to have been a bit of a homebody. In fact, unless Isaac resettled in places not recorded in Scripture, the farthest extent he ever traveled appears to have been only about 90 miles (113 km). Yet, as the child of God’s promise to Abraham to build a great nation from his descendants, Isaac’s relatively simple life served as a critical bridge from Abraham to the beginnings of the twelve tribes of Israel, who were descended from Isaac’s son Jacob. It is likely that Isaac was born at Beersheba (see Genesis 21:1-24), and later Abraham offered him as a sacrifice on Mount Moriah (located at Jerusalem; see 2 Chronicles 3:1). Then Abraham, Isaac, and those with them returned to Beersheba (Genesis 22:1-19). When Isaac reached adulthood, his father sent a servant to bring back a bride for him from Aram-naharaim, far north of Canaan. When his bride, Rebekah, arrived, Isaac had just come from Beer-lahai-roi and settled in the Negev (Genesis 24:62). Later Isaac resettled with Rebekah in Beer-lahai-roi, and this may have been where their twins son Esau and Jacob were born. A famine forced Isaac to go to Gerar (Genesis 26:1-6) in “the land of the Philistines.” The distinct people group known as the Philistines in later books of the Bible did not arrive until the time of the Judges, so the term here must have referred to another people group living in this region, and this is supported by the fact that King Abimelech’s name is Semitic, not Aegean (the likely origin of the later Philistines). While Isaac was there, he repeated his father’s error (Genesis 20) by lying to the king that his wife was only his sister. Isaac also became increasingly prosperous at Gerar, so the Philistines told him to leave their region. Isaac moved away from the town of Gerar and settled further away in the valley of Gerar. There he dug a well, but the Philistines claimed it for themselves, so he called it Esek, meaning “argument.” So Isaac’s men dug another well and called it Sitnah (meaning “hostility”), but it led to more quarreling, so he dug yet another well and called it Rehoboth (meaning “open space”). The locations of these two later wells are not certain, but they may have been located near Ruheibeh as shown on this map. Then Isaac moved to Beersheba and built an altar. He also dug a well there, and King Abimelech of the Philistines came and exchanged oaths of peace with him. It was likely at Beersheba that Isaac blessed his sons Esau and Jacob, and both sons eventually left Canaan (see “Jacob Goes to Paddan-Aram” map). When Jacob later returned, he traveled to Mamre near Hebron and reunited with Isaac. Sometime after this Isaac died, and Jacob and Esau buried him there.

Map

Nomadic Range of Ishmael’s Descendants

Genesis 21:1-21; 25:1-18; 1 Chronicles 5:3-22

The book of Genesis twice records the origin of the Ishmaelites, who were descended from Ishmael, the son of Abraham by Sarah’s handmaiden Hagar. Ishmael lived in the wilderness of Paran (Genesis 21:20-21), and his descendants eventually ranged from Shur near Egypt all the way around to Havilah on the Arabian peninsula (Genesis 25:12-18), as shown on this map that depicts the region around the time of the Judges. Yet the term Ishmaelite also appears to have referred in a more general sense to any of the nomadic groups that roamed the deserts of Sinai and Arabia, because the Midianites (another group descended from Abraham by his second wife Keturah; Genesis 25:1-2) are twice referred to as Ishmaelites: once when Joseph is sold to a group of Midianite traders traveling from Gilead to Egypt (Genesis 37:28-36), and again when Gideon is collecting gold earrings from the spoil taken from the Midianites (Judges 8:24). Likewise, the term Hagrites, (likely meaning those descended from Hagar), is applied at times to a tribal group that appears to have been among those descended from Ishmael, but in 1 Chronicles 27:30 the terms Ishmaelite and Hagrite are applied to two different people, indicating that the terms were not synonymous. Twelve tribes are specifically listed by Genesis as descending from Ishmael, similar to how Israel was reckoned as being comprised of twelve tribes descended from a single patriarch (Genesis 35:23-26). While some of the Ishmaelite tribes achieved political dominance during certain periods of biblical history, the twelve tribes never operated as a single, unified nation. The physical boundaries of each Ishmaelite tribe’s nomadic range is difficult to establish with much certainty, partially because nomads, by definition, continually move to new lands as needed to feed their flocks. Even so, a few clues from Scripture and other ancient sources point to the likely general range for each tribe, as shown on this map.

Nebaioth has often been speculated to be the same tribe that was later called the Nabateans, but the variance in the Hebrew spelling between the two names makes this identification unlikely. Rather, they were probably the Nabaiate of Assyrian documents, which mention them in close association with the tribe of Kedar. Nebaioth and Kedar are also mentioned together in Isaiah 60:7.

Kedar, the most prominent and powerful of the Ishmaelite tribes, lay to the southeast of Israel, and this is confirmed by Jeremiah’s comment in Jeremiah 2:10 that speaks of Cyprus and Kedar as lying on opposite sides of Israel. Kedar attained significant political strength during the ninth century B.C. until they were absorbed into the Nabatean empire in the first century B.C.

Adbeel was likely a tribe known by the Akkadians as the Idibilu, who were eventually conquered by Tiglath-pileser III of Assyria and employed to guard the approaches to Egypt’s borders.

Mibsam may be named after the word for “sweet odor,” suggesting that they may have been one of the people groups of western Arabia who produced world-renowned incense and transported it to ports along the eastern Mediterranean Sea.

Mishma may have been centered around a mountain called Jebel Mishma today.

Dumah was likely centered around the ancient Arabian city by the same name.

Massa was known to the Assyrians as Mas’a, and they were forced to pay tribute to Tiglath-pileser III. Ptolemy knew the tribe as the Masanoi and located them to the northeast of Dumah.

Hadad is somewhat unknown in ancient sources, although today there is an Arabian tribe named Hadad that are mostly Christians, and they are located throughout the Levant.

Tema was no doubt centered around the city by the same name, and it was located near the rival oasis of Dedan. King Nabonidus of Babylon made Tema his headquarters as he gained control over the other Arabian desert oases (see Jeremiah 49:28; also see “Oases of the Arabian Desert” map).

Jetur was likely located northeast of Gilead, because 1 Chronicles 5:18-22 records how the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh attacked Jetur and the tribe of Naphish, captured many of them and their livestock, and occupied their territory until the time of the exile. By the time of Jesus, this tribe was known as the Itureans and had captured land just north of Israel.

Naphish was likely located just east of Gilead, because the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh attacked them and the tribe of Jetur and occupied their territory until the time of the exile (1 Chronicles 5:18-22).

Kedemah may have been located near the Reubenite town of Kedemoth.

Though Scripture sometimes refers to various tribes of Ishmael as enemies of Israel (1 Chronicles 5:18-22; Psalm 83:5-8), Isaiah also prophesied to Israel of a glorious day coming when “all the flocks of Kedar shall be gathered to you, the rams of Nebaioth shall minister to you; they shall be acceptable on my altar, and I will glorify my glorious house” (Isaiah 60:7).

BI Gen 21:20 ©