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Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)
OET-LV The_sends in/on/at/with_sea envoys and_in/on/at/with_vessels of_papyrus on [the]_surface of_[the]_waters go Oh_messengers swift to a_nation tall and_smooth to a_people feared from it and_to_there a_nation of_strength of_strength and_conquering which they_divide rivers land_whose.
UHB הַשֹּׁלֵ֨חַ בַּיָּ֜ם צִירִ֗ים וּבִכְלֵי־גֹמֶא֮ עַל־פְּנֵי־מַיִם֒ לְכ֣וּ ׀ מַלְאָכִ֣ים קַלִּ֗ים אֶל־גּוֹי֙ מְמֻשָּׁ֣ךְ וּמוֹרָ֔ט אֶל־עַ֥ם נוֹרָ֖א מִן־ה֣וּא וָהָ֑לְאָה גּ֚וֹי קַו־קָ֣ו וּמְבוּסָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־בָּזְא֥וּ נְהָרִ֖ים אַרְצֽוֹ׃ ‡
(hashsholēaḩ bayyām ʦīrim ūⱱikəlēy-gomeʼ ˊal-pənēy-mayim ləkū malʼākim qallim ʼel-gōy məmushshāk ūmōrāţ ʼel-ˊam nōrāʼ min-hūʼ vāhāləʼāh gōy qav-qāv ūməⱱūşāh ʼₐsher-bāzəʼū nəhārim ʼarʦō.)
Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXX Ὁ ἀποστέλλων ἐν θαλάσσῃ ὅμηρα, καὶ ἐπιστολὰς βιβλίνας ἐπάνω τοῦ ὕδατος· πορεύσονται γὰρ ἄγγελοι κοῦφοι πρὸς ἔθνος μετέωρον, καὶ ξένον λαὸν καὶ χαλεπόν· τίς αὐτοῦ ἐπέκεινα; ἔθνος ἀνέλπιστον καὶ καταπεπατημένον· νῦν οἱ ποταμοὶ τῆς γῆς
(Ho apostellōn en thalassaʸ homaʸra, kai epistolas biblinas epanō tou hudatos; poreusontai gar angeloi koufoi pros ethnos meteōron, kai xenon laon kai ⱪalepon; tis autou epekeina; ethnos anelpiston kai katapepataʸmenon; nun hoi potamoi taʸs gaʸs )
BrTr [fn]He sends messengers by the sea, and paper letters on the water: for swift messengers shall go to a lofty nation, and to a strange and harsh people. Who is beyond it? a nation not looked for, and trodden down.
18:2 Gr. He that sends.
ULT who send ambassadors by the sea
⇔ and in vessels of papyrus on the face of the waters.
⇔ Go, you swift messengers,
⇔ to a nation tall and smooth,
⇔ to a people feared from afar,
⇔ a nation very strong and trampling down,
⇔ whose land the rivers divide.
UST Your rulers send ambassadors that sail quickly down the river in papyrus boats.
⇔ Tell your messengers to go quickly!
⇔ Go to people who are tall and who have smooth skins.
⇔ People everywhere are afraid of those people,
⇔ because they conquer and destroy other nations;
⇔ they are people who live in a land that rivers divide.
BSB which sends couriers by sea,
⇔ in papyrus vessels on the waters.
⇔ Go, swift messengers,
⇔ to a people tall and smooth-skinned,
⇔ to a people widely feared,
⇔ to a powerful nation of strange speech,
⇔ whose land is divided by rivers.
OEB that despatches ambassadors over the sea
⇔ in vessels of reed on the face of the waters.
⇔ ‘Depart, you messengers fleet,
⇔ to your tall and bronze-skinned people,
⇔ whose land is divided by rivers –
⇔ your nation strong and victorious,
⇔ dreaded both near and far.
WEBBE that sends ambassadors by the sea, even in vessels of papyrus on the waters, saying, “Go, you swift messengers, to a nation tall and smooth, to a people awesome from their beginning onward, a nation that measures out and treads down, whose land the rivers divide!”
WMBB (Same as above)
NET that sends messengers by sea,
⇔ who glide over the water’s surface in boats made of papyrus.
⇔ Go, you swift messengers,
⇔ to a nation of tall, smooth-skinned people,
⇔ to a people that are feared far and wide,
⇔ to a nation strong and victorious,
⇔ whose land rivers divide.
LSV That is sending ambassadors by sea,
Even with implements of reed on the face of the waters—Go, swift messengers,
To a nation drawn out and peeled,
To a people fearful from its beginning and onward,
A nation meeting out by line, and treading down,
Whose land floods have spoiled.
FBV They send messengers downriver[fn] in papyrus boats. Swift messengers, go and take a message to a tall and smooth-skinned people, to a people feared by everyone, to a very powerful nation of conquerors, whose land is washed away by rivers.[fn]
18:2 Probably referring to the Nile. Literally, “sea.”
18:2 The Hebrew of this verse is unclear and has been variously interpreted.
T4T Your rulers send ambassadors that sail quickly down the river in papyrus boats.
⇔ You messengers to Ethiopia, go quickly!
⇔ Go up the river to people who are tall and who have smooth skin.
⇔ People everywhere are afraid of those people,
⇔ because they conquer and destroy other nations;
⇔ they live in a land that is divided by branches of one large river.
LEB • and in vessels of papyrus on the surface of the waters! • Go, swift messengers, to a[fn] and [fn] nation, • to a people feared[fn] • a[fn] and trampling[fn] nation, • whose land rivers divide.
18:? Literally “stretched out”
18:? Literally “peeled,” “wiped clean,” or “hairless”
18:? Literally “from this and beyond”
18:? Perhaps this is a gibberish phrase in Hebrew, qaw-qaw
18:? Meaning uncertain
BBE Which sends its representatives by the sea, even in ships of papyrus on the waters. Go back quickly, O representatives, to a nation tall and smooth, to a people causing fear through all their history; a strong nation, crushing down its haters, whose land is cut through by rivers.
Moff No Moff ISA book available
JPS That sendeth ambassadors by the sea, even in vessels of papyrus upon the waters! Go, ye swift messengers, to a nation tall and of glossy skin, to a people terrible from their beginning onward; a nation that is sturdy and treadeth down, whose land the rivers divide!
ASV that sendeth ambassadors by the sea, even in vessels of papyrus upon the waters, saying, Go, ye swift messengers, to a nation tall and smooth, to a people terrible from their beginning onward, a nation that meteth out and treadeth down, whose land the rivers divide!
DRA That sendeth ambassadors by the sea, and in vessels of bulrushes upon the waters. Go, ye swift angels, to a nation rent and torn in pieces: to a terrible people, after which there is no other: to a nation expecting and trodden under foot, whose land the rivers have spoiled.
YLT That is sending by sea ambassadors, Even with implements of reed on the face of the waters, — Go, ye light messengers, Unto a nation drawn out and peeled, Unto a people fearful from its beginning and onwards, A nation meeting out by line, and treading down, Whose land floods have spoiled.
Drby that sendest ambassadors over the sea, and in vessels of papyrus upon the waters, [saying,] Go, swift messengers, to a nation scattered and ravaged, to a people terrible from their existence and thenceforth; to a nation of continued waiting and of treading down, whose land the rivers have spoiled!
RV that sendeth ambassadors by the sea, even in vessels of papyrus upon the waters, saying, Go, ye swift messengers, to a nation tall and smooth, to a people terrible from their beginning onward; a nation that meteth out and treadeth down, whose land the rivers divide!
Wbstr That sendeth embassadors by the sea, even in vessels of bulrushes upon the waters, saying , Go, ye swift messengers to a nation scattered and peeled, to a people terrible from their beginning hitherto; a nation measured by line and trodden down, whose land the rivers have laid waste.
KJB-1769 That sendeth ambassadors by the sea, even in vessels of bulrushes upon the waters, saying, Go, ye swift messengers, to a nation scattered and peeled, to a people terrible from their beginning hitherto; a nation meted out and trodden down, whose land the rivers have spoiled![fn][fn][fn]
(That sendeth/sends ambassadors by the sea, even in vessels of bulrushes upon the waters, saying, Go, ye/you_all swift messengers, to a nation scattered and peeled, to a people terrible from their beginning hitherto; a nation meted out and trodden down, whose land the rivers have spoild! )
18.2 scattered…: or, outspread and polished
18.2 meted…: or, that meteth out and treadeth down: Heb. of line, line, and treading under foot
18.2 have…: or, despise
KJB-1611 [fn][fn][fn]That sendeth ambassadours by the sea, euen in vessels of bulrushes vpon the waters, saying; Goe yee swift messengers to a nation scattered and peeled, to a people terrible from their beginning hitherto, a nation meted out and troden downe; whose land the riuers haue spoiled.
(That sendeth/sends ambassadours by the sea, even in vessels of bulrushes upon the waters, saying; Go ye/you_all swift messengers to a nation scattered and peeled, to a people terrible from their beginning hitherto, a nation meted out and troden down; whose land the rivers have spoild.)
18:2 Or, outspread and polished.
18:2 Or, a nation that meteth out, and treadeth downe. Heb. a nation of line line, and treading vnderfoote.
18:2 Or, whose land the riuers despise.
Bshps Sendyng messengers by the sea, euen in vessels of reedes ouer the water, Get you hence ye speedy messengers to a nation that is scattered abrode, and robbed of that they had, a fearefull people from their begynnyng hytherto, a nation troden downe by litle and litle, whose lande the fluddes haue spoyled.
(Sendyng messengers by the sea, even in vessels of reedes over the water, Get you hence ye/you_all speedy messengers to a nation that is scattered abroad, and robbed of that they had, a fearefull people from their beginning hitherto, a nation troden down by little and little, whose land the fluddes have spoild.)
Gnva Sending ambassadours by the Sea, euen in vessels of reedes vpon the waters, saying, Go, ye swift messengers, to a nation that is scattered abroade, and spoyled, vnto a terrible people from their beginning euen hitherto: a nation by litle and litle, euen troden vnder foote, whose land the floods haue spoyled.
(Sending ambassadours by the Sea, even in vessels of reedes upon the waters, saying, Go, ye/you_all swift messengers, to a nation that is scattered abroad, and spoild, unto a terrible people from their beginning even hitherto: a nation by little and little, even troden under foote, whose land the floods have spoild. )
Cvdl which sendeth hir message ouer the see in shippes of redes vpo ye water, and sayeth: go soone, and do yor message vnto a straunge and harde folke: to a fearful people, & to a people yt is further then this: to a desperate and pylled folke, whose londe is deuyded from vs with ryuers of water.
(which sendeth/sends her message over the sea in ships of redes upo ye/you_all water, and sayeth: go soone, and do yor message unto a strange and hard folke: to a fearful people, and to a people it is further then this: to a desperate and pylled folke, whose land is divided from us with rivers of water.)
Wycl and in vessels of papirus on watris. Go, ye messangeris, to the folk drawun up and to-rent; to a ferdful puple, aftir which is noon other; to the folk abidynge and defoulid, whos lond the flodis han rauyschid; to the hil of the name of the Lord of oostis, to the hil of Sion.
(and in vessels of papirus on waters. Go, ye/you_all messengers, to the folk drawun up and to-rent; to a ferdful people, after which is noon other; to the folk abidynge and defoulid, whos land the floods have rauyschid; to the hill of the name of the Lord of hosts, to the hill of Sion.)
Luth das Botschaften auf dem Meer sendet und in Rohrschiffen auf den Wassern fähret. Gehet hin, ihr schnellen Boten, zum Volk, das zerrissen und geplündert ist, zum Volk, das greulicher ist denn sonst irgendeins, zum Volk, das hie und da ausgemessen und zertreten ist, welchem die Wasserströme sein Land einnehmen.
(das Botschaften on to_him sea send and in Rohrschiffen on the watern fähret. Gehet there, you/their/her schnellen Boten, for_the people, the zerrissen and geplündert is, for_the people, the greulicher is because sonst irgendeins, for_the people, the here and there ausgemessen and zertreten is, which_one the waterströme his Land einnehmen.)
ClVg qui mittit in mare legatos, et in vasis papyri super aquas. Ite, angeli veloces, ad gentem convulsam et dilaceratam; ad populum terribilem, post quem non est alius; ad gentem exspectantem et conculcatam, cujus diripuerunt flumina terram ejus.[fn]
(who mittit in the_sea legatos, and in vasis papyri over waters. Ite, angeli veloces, to gentem convulsam and dilaceratam; to the_people terribilem, after which not/no it_is alius; to gentem exspectantem and conculcatam, cuyus diripuerunt flumina the_earth/land his. )
18.2 In vasis papyri, id est in navibus de papyro factis, etc., usque ad pertransit et labitur.
18.2 In vasis papyri, id it_is in navibus about papyro factis, etc., until to pertransit and labitur.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
(Occurrence 0) by the sea
(Some words not found in UHB: the,sends in/on/at/with,sea envoys and,in/on/at/with,vessels papyrus on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in face/surface_of waters go messengers swift to/towards nation tall and,smooth to/towards people feared from/more_than he/it and,to_there nation line_of line and,conquering which/who divide rivers land,whose )
The Nile River was very wide, and people in Egypt and Cush referred to it as “the sea.” Alternate translation: “on the great river” or “along the Nile River”
Note 2 topic: translate-unknown
(Occurrence 0) vessels of papyrus
(Some words not found in UHB: the,sends in/on/at/with,sea envoys and,in/on/at/with,vessels papyrus on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in face/surface_of waters go messengers swift to/towards nation tall and,smooth to/towards people feared from/more_than he/it and,to_there nation line_of line and,conquering which/who divide rivers land,whose )
Papyrus is a tall plant that grows along the side of the Nile River. People bound together papyrus bundles to make boats. Alternate translation: “papyrus boats” or “boats made of reeds” or
(Occurrence 0) a nation tall and smooth … a people feared far and near … a nation strong and trampling down, whose land the rivers divide
(Some words not found in UHB: the,sends in/on/at/with,sea envoys and,in/on/at/with,vessels papyrus on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in face/surface_of waters go messengers swift to/towards nation tall and,smooth to/towards people feared from/more_than he/it and,to_there nation line_of line and,conquering which/who divide rivers land,whose )
These phrases all describe the people of one nation.
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy
(Occurrence 0) a nation tall and smooth
(Some words not found in UHB: the,sends in/on/at/with,sea envoys and,in/on/at/with,vessels papyrus on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in face/surface_of waters go messengers swift to/towards nation tall and,smooth to/towards people feared from/more_than he/it and,to_there nation line_of line and,conquering which/who divide rivers land,whose )
The word “nation” here refers to the people of that nation. Alternate translation: “a nation whose people are tall and have smooth skin”
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / merism
(Occurrence 0) a people feared far and near
(Some words not found in UHB: the,sends in/on/at/with,sea envoys and,in/on/at/with,vessels papyrus on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in face/surface_of waters go messengers swift to/towards nation tall and,smooth to/towards people feared from/more_than he/it and,to_there nation line_of line and,conquering which/who divide rivers land,whose )
The words “far” and “near” are used together to mean “everywhere.” Alternate translation: “a people who are feared everywhere” or “a people that everyone in the earth fears”
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy
(Occurrence 0) a nation strong and trampling down
(Some words not found in UHB: the,sends in/on/at/with,sea envoys and,in/on/at/with,vessels papyrus on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in face/surface_of waters go messengers swift to/towards nation tall and,smooth to/towards people feared from/more_than he/it and,to_there nation line_of line and,conquering which/who divide rivers land,whose )
Trampling down represents conquering other nations. Alternate translation: “a nation that is strong and conquers other nations”
(Occurrence 0) the rivers divide
(Some words not found in UHB: the,sends in/on/at/with,sea envoys and,in/on/at/with,vessels papyrus on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in face/surface_of waters go messengers swift to/towards nation tall and,smooth to/towards people feared from/more_than he/it and,to_there nation line_of line and,conquering which/who divide rivers land,whose )
This probably refers to many rivers that flow through the nation so they divide it into different parts.