OET interlinear ISA 1:2

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

שִׁמְע֤וּ שָׁמַ֨יִם֙ וְ⁠הַאֲזִ֣ינִי אֶ֔רֶץ

hear heavens and,give_ear earth/land

Isaiah assumes that his listeners will understand that he is calling out to the heavens and the earth as witnesses to Yahweh’s covenant with the Israelites. (See [Deuteronomy 4:6](../04/06.md).) You could indicate this explicitly in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [Hear, heavens, and listen, earth, you covenant witnesses]

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

כִּ֥י

that/for/because/then/when

The word translated as for indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

בָּנִים֙ גִּדַּ֣לְתִּי וְ⁠רוֹמַ֔מְתִּי

sons reared and,I_have_raised

Yahweh is speaking as if the people of Israel were his sons whom he had raised and brought up. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [I have helped and guided the people of Israel as a father raises his sons]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

גִּדַּ֣לְתִּי וְ⁠רוֹמַ֔מְתִּי

reared and,I_have_raised

The terms raised and brought up mean similar things. Yahweh is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: [I have reared]

Note 5 topic: writing-pronouns

וְ⁠הֵ֖ם פָּ֥שְׁעוּ

and,they rebelled

Yahweh is stating the pronoun they separately, even though the verb translated as they have rebelled already includes this meaning. He is doing that in order to emphasize the contrast between what he did for the Israelites and how they responded. Alternate translation: [but for their part, they have rebelled]