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Gen 15 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21
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Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)
OET (OET-RV) Then some birds of prey flew down to the carcasses, but Abram shooed them away.
OET-LV And_he/it_descended the_birds_of_prey on the_carcasses and_drove_away DOM_them Abram.
UHB וַיֵּ֥רֶד הָעַ֖יִט עַל־הַפְּגָרִ֑ים וַיַּשֵּׁ֥ב אֹתָ֖ם אַבְרָֽם׃ ‡
(vayyēred hāˊayiţ ˊal-hapəgārim vayyashshēⱱ ʼotām ʼaⱱrām.)
Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXX Κατέβη δὲ ὄρνεα ἐπὶ τὰ σώματα, ἐπὶ τὰ διχοτομήματα αὐτῶν· καὶ συνεκάθισεν αὐτοῖς Ἅβραμ.
(Katebaʸ de ornea epi ta sōmata, epi ta diⱪotomaʸmata autōn; kai sunekathisen autois Habram. )
BrTr And birds came down upon the bodies, even upon the divided parts of them, and Abram [fn]sat down by them.
15:11 Or, drove them away. The LXX. seem to have read ישב for שוב
ULT Then birds of prey came down on the carcasses, and Abram drove them away.
UST Then some vultures flew down and landed on the animal bodies to eat them, but Abram chased them away.
BSB And the birds of prey descended on the carcasses, but Abram drove them away.
OEB The birds of prey came down upon the carcasses, but Abram drove them away.
WEBBE The birds of prey came down on the carcasses, and Abram drove them away.
WMBB (Same as above)
NET When birds of prey came down on the carcasses, Abram drove them away.
LSV and the ravenous birds come down on the carcasses, and Abram causes them to turn back.
FBV When vultures flew down on the carcasses, Abram frightened them off.
T4T Birds that eat dead flesh came down to eat the carcasses, but Abram shooed them away.
LEB And the birds of prey came down on the carcasses, but Abram drove them away.
BBE And evil birds came down on the bodies, but Abram sent them away.
Moff No Moff GEN book available
JPS And the birds of prey came down upon the carcasses, and Abram drove them away.
ASV And the birds of prey came down upon the carcasses, and Abram drove them away.
DRA And the fowls came down upon the carcasses, and Abram drove them away.
YLT and the ravenous birds come down upon the carcases, and Abram causeth them to turn back.
Drby And the birds of prey came down on the carcases; and Abram scared them away.
RV And the birds of prey came down upon the carcases, and Abram drove them away.
Wbstr And when the fowls came down upon the carcases, Abram drove them away.
KJB-1769 And when the fowls came down upon the carcases, Abram drove them away.
(And when the fowls/birds came down upon the carcasss, Abram drove them away. )
KJB-1611 And when the fowles came downe vpon the carcases, Abram droue them away.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above)
Bshps And when the foules fell on the carkases, Abram droue them away.
(And when the fowls/birds fell on the carkases, Abram drove them away.)
Gnva Then foules fell on the carkases, and Abram droue them away.
(Then fowls/birds fell on the carkases, and Abram drove them away. )
Cvdl And the foules fell vpo the flesh, but Abram droue them awaye.
(And the fowls/birds fell upo the flesh, but Abram drove them away.)
Wycl And foulis camen doun on the careyns, and Abram drof hem awey.
(And foulis came down on the careyns, and Abram drof them away.)
Luth Und das Gevögel fiel auf die Aase; aber Abram scheuchte sie davon.
(And the Gevögel fiel on the Aase; but Abram scheuchte they/she/them davon.)
ClVg Descenderuntque volucres super cadavera, et abigebat eas Abram.[fn]
(Descenderuntque volucres over cadavera, and abigebat eas Abram. )
15.11 Descenderuntque volucres, etc. GREG., lib. XVI Moral., c. 20 Tropologice. In ipso orationis sacrificio ingerunt se importunæ cogitationes, rapere vel violare cupientes: sed manu sanctæ discretionis debemus custodire quod foris offerimus, ne maligni spiritus et perversæ cogitationes rapiant.
15.11 Descenderuntque volucres, etc. GREG., lib. XVI Moral., c. 20 Tropologice. In ipso orationis sacrificio ingerunt se importunæ cogitationes, rapere or violare cupientes: but by_hand sanctæ discretionis debemus custodire that foris offerimus, not maligni spiritus and perversæ cogitationes rapiant.
15:11 Vultures are unclean birds of prey that symbolize those who unjustly attack Abraham’s heirs (15:13-14).
God’s Covenant with Abraham
The Lord had already established a relationship with Abraham (Gen 12:1-9) before he made a formal covenant with him (ch Gen 15). God took all the initiative: He approached Abraham and spoke to him in a vision. God presented the impossible promise that the old man would have a son through whom his descendants would eventually be as numerous as the stars of heaven. Abraham believed God (15:6), and his faith proved to be an act of righteousness (see Hab 2:4; Rom 1:17; 4:3, 17; Gal 3:6, 11; Heb 10:37-38).
In the ancient Near East, kings sometimes granted land or other gifts to loyal subjects. The covenant of Genesis 15 includes a royal grant (15:18-21) in which God, the king, gave land to Abraham, his subject, as a possession and an inheritance. At the end of that day, Abraham knew that his future—and that of his descendants—was firmly in the hands of the covenant God. Later, the grant would be transferred to his descendants.
God later ratified his covenant with Abraham (17:1-22), giving him circumcision as its sign (17:10) and condition (17:9). The almighty God once again took the initiative (17:1-2) in granting Abraham an extraordinary privilege. The covenant was not a relationship between equals, yet both partners in the covenant assumed responsibilities. God committed himself voluntarily to Abraham and his descendants, while requiring faithfulness from Abraham (17:1, 9-14). The blessing Abraham received as God’s covenant partner was embodied in the new name that God gave him (17:5-6).
God’s covenant with Abraham also applied to his descendants (13:15-16; 15:3-5; 17:6-10). It pointed to blessing in the relatively near future when his descendants would possess the land (15:12-16). Much later, Abraham’s faith became a blessing to all through his descendant, Jesus Christ, through whom all the families of the earth can share in God’s blessing on Abraham (12:3; see Rom 4:11-25; Gal 3:8-9, 16).
Passages for Further Study
Gen 12:1-3; 15:1-21; 17:1-14; 21:1-2; 22:15-18; Exod 2:24; Deut 1:8; Neh 9:7-8; Ps 105:7-45; Luke 3:7-9; Acts 3:24-26; 7:2-8; Rom 4:11-25; 9:7-8; 11:16-17; Gal 3:6-9, 29; Heb 6:13-15
וַיֵּ֥רֶד הָעַ֖יִט
and=he/it_descended the,birds_of_prey
This phrase refers to large birds that eat dead animal meat. Examples of these birds include vultures, buzzards, condors, eagles, and crows. Alternate translation: “Then some birds of prey landed” or “Then some vultures swooped down and landed” or “Then some meat-eating birds”
עַל־הַפְּגָרִ֑ים
on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in the,carcasses
Alternate translation: “the dead animal parts to eat them,” or “the dead animals to eat them,”
וַיַּשֵּׁ֥ב אֹתָ֖ם אַבְרָֽם
and,drove_~_away DOM=them Avram
Alternate translation: “but Abram scared them away.” or “but Abram made them go away.”