ISA 41:2 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=unclear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

OET (OET-RV) Who has stirred up punishment from the east?
⇔ It meets with his feet.
⇔ He destroys nations in front of him.
⇔ He causes kings to rule.
⇔ He makes them like dust with his sword—
⇔ like chaff driven by his bow.

Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXX Τίς ἐξήγειρεν ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν δικαιοσύνην, ἐκάλεσεν αὐτὴν κατὰ πόδας αὐτοῦ, καὶ πορεύσεται; δώσει ἐναντίον ἐθνῶν, καὶ βασιλεῖς ἐκστήσει· καὶ δώσει εἰς γῆν τὰς μαχαίρας αὐτῶν, καὶ ὡς φρύγανα ἐξωσμένα τὰ τόξα αὐτῶν.
(Tis exaʸgeiren apo anatolōn dikaiosunaʸn, ekalesen autaʸn kata podas autou, kai poreusetai; dōsei enantion ethnōn, kai basileis ekstaʸsei; kai dōsei eis gaʸn tas maⱪairas autōn, kai hōs frugana exōsmena ta toxa autōn.)

BrTr Who raised up righteousness from the east, and called it to his feet, so that it should go? shall appoint it an adversary of Gentiles, and shall dismay kings, and bury their swords in the earth, and cast forth their bows and arrows as sticks?

ULT Who has awakened righteousness from the rising of the sun,
⇔ calling it to his foot?
⇔ He gives nations to his face,
⇔ and he tramples kings.
⇔ He makes them like dust with his sword,
⇔ like driven straw with his bow.

UST Who has summoned this king from the east to serve him
⇔ and enabled him to be so victorious?
⇔ Whoever has done this enables him to defeat nations
⇔ and depose their kings.
⇔ His armies use their weapons to destroy opposing armies
⇔ so that they scatter and flee
⇔ as if they were dust or straw that the wind was blowing away.

BSB Who has aroused one from the east
⇔ [and] called him to his feet in righteousness[fn]?
⇔ He hands nations over to him
⇔ [and] subdues kings [before him].
⇔ He turns them to dust with his sword,
⇔ to windblown chaff with his bow.

41:2 Or from the east, whom victory meets at every step

MSB (Same as BSB above including footnotes)

OEB No OEB ISA book available

WEBBE Who has raised up one from the east?
⇔ Who called him to his feet in righteousness?
⇔ He hands over nations to him
⇔ and makes him rule over kings.
⇔ He gives them like the dust to his sword,
⇔ like the driven stubble to his bow.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET Who stirs up this one from the east?
⇔ Who officially commissions him for service?
⇔ He hands nations over to him,
⇔ and enables him to subdue kings.
⇔ He makes them like dust with his sword,
⇔ like windblown straw with his bow.

LSV Who stirred up a righteous one from the east? He calls him to His foot,
He gives nations before him,
And He causes him to rule kings,
He gives [them] as dust [to] his sword,
As driven stubble [to] his bow.

FBV Who has encouraged this one from the east who is called into God's service[fn] to do what is right?[fn] He gives him nations, and helps him trample kings underfoot. He makes them like dust with his sword, and turns them into chaff with his bow, blown before him on the wind.

41:2 “Into God's service”: literally, “to his feet.”

41:2 The prophecy is usually taken to refer to King Cyrus.

T4T ⇔ Who has urged this king to come from the east?
⇔ Who has enabled his army to righteously defeat many nations
⇔ and to trample their kings under their feet?
⇔ With their swords they cut their enemies into tiny pieces [HYP];
⇔ with their arrows they cause their enemies to scatter like [SIM] the wind scatters chaff.

LEB • Who has roused salvation from the east,
  • summoned[fn] him to his foot,
• gives nations in his presence ,[fn]
  • and subjugates kings?
• He makes[fn] them like the dust with his sword,
  • like scattered stubble with his bow.

41:? Or “called”

41:? Literally “before his face”

41:? Or “gives”

BBE Who sent out from the east one who is right wherever he goes? he gives the nations into his hands, and makes him ruler over kings; he gives them as the dust to his sword, as dry stems before the wind to his bow.

Moff No Moff ISA book available

JPS Who hath raised up one from the east, at whose steps victory attendeth? He giveth nations before him, and maketh him rule over kings; his sword maketh them as the dust, his bow as the driven stubble.

ASV Who hath raised up one from the east, whom he calleth in righteousness to his foot? he giveth nations before him, and maketh him rule over kings; he giveth them as the dust to his sword, as the driven stubble to his bow.

DRA Who hath raised up the just one from the east, hath called him to follow him? he shall give the nations in his sight, and he shall rule over kings: he shall give them as the dust to his sword, as stubble driven by the wind, to his bow.

YLT Who stirred up from the east a righteous one? He calleth him to His foot, He giveth before him nations, And kings He causeth him to rule, He giveth [them] as dust [to] his sword, As driven stubble [to] his bow.

Drby Who raised up from the east him whom righteousness calleth to its foot? He gave the nations before him, and caused him to have dominion over kings; he gave them as dust to his sword, as driven stubble to his bow.

RV Who hath raised up one from the east, whom he calleth in righteousness to his foot? he giveth nations before him, and maketh him rule over kings; he giveth them as the dust to his sword, as the driven stubble to his bow.
(Who hath/has raised up one from the east, whom he calleth/calls in righteousness to his foot? he giveth/gives nations before him, and maketh/makes him rule over kings; he giveth/gives them as the dust to his sword, as the driven stubble to his bow.)

SLT Who raised up justice from the sunrising? he shall call him to his foot; he will give the nations before him; and he will bring down kings: he will give as the dust of his sword, as driven straw, his bow.

Wbstr Who raised up the righteous man from the east, called him to his foot, gave the nations before him, and made him rule over kings? he gave them as the dust to his sword, and as driven stubble to his bow.

KJB-1769 Who raised up the righteous man from the east, called him to his foot, gave the nations before him, and made him rule over kings? he gave them as the dust to his sword, and as driven stubble to his bow.[fn]

41.2 the righteous…: Heb. righteousness

KJB-1611 [fn]Who raised vp the righteous man from the East, called him to his foote, gaue the nations before him, and made him rule ouer kings? Hee gaue them as the dust to his sword, and as driuen stuble to his bow.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from marking of added words (and possibly capitalisation and punctuation and footnotes))

41:2 Heb. righteousnesse.

Bshps Who raysed vp the iust man from the east, and called hym to go foorth? who cast downe the people, and subdued the kynges before him? that he may throw them al to the ground with his sworde, and scatter them lyke stubble with his bowe.
(Who raised up the just man from the east, and called him to go forth? who cast down the people, and subdued the kings before him? that he may throw them all to the ground with his sword, and scatter them like stubble with his bow.)

Gnva Who raised vp iustice from the East, and called him to his foote? and gaue the nations before him, and subdued the Kings? he gaue them as dust to his sword, and as scattered stubble vnto his bowe.
(Who raised up justice from the East, and called him to his foote? and gave the nations before him, and subdued the Kings? he gave them as dust to his sword, and as scattered stubble unto his bow.)

Cvdl Who rayseth vp ye iuste from the rysinge of the Sonne, and calleth him to go forth? Who casteth downe the people, and subdueth the kinges before him: that he maye throwe them all to the groude with his swearde, and scatre them like stuble with his bowe?
(Who raiseth up ye/you_all just from the rising of the Son, and calleth/calls him to go forth? Who casteth/casts/throws down the people, and subdueth the kings before him: that he may throwe them all to the ground with his sword, and scatter them like stubble with his bowe?)

Wycl Who reiside the iust man fro the eest, and clepide hym to sue hym silf? He schal yyue folkis in his siyt, and he schal welde kyngis; he schal yyue as dust to his swerd, and as stobil `that is rauyschid of the wynd, to his bowe.
(Who raised the just man from the east, and called him to sue himself? He shall give folks/people in his sight, and he shall weld kings; he shall give as dust to his sword, and as stobil that is rauyschid of the wind, to his bow.)

Luth Wer hat den Gerechten vom Aufgang erweckt? Wer rief ihm, daß er ging? Wer gab die Heiden und Könige vor ihm, daß er ihrer mächtig ward, und gab sie seinem Schwert wie Staub und seinem Bogen wie zerstreuete Stoppeln,
(Who has the righteous_(ones) from_the rise(n) awakens? Who shouted him, that he went? Who gave the heathens and king(s) before/in_front_of him, that he of_their/her powerful was, and gave they/she/them his sword as/like dust and his bow as/like scattered stubble,)

ClVg Quis suscitavit ab oriente Justum, vocavit eum ut sequeretur se? Dabit in conspectu ejus gentes, et reges obtinebit: dabit quasi pulverem gladio ejus, sicut stipulam vento raptam arcui ejus.[fn]
(Who raised away east Right/Justice, he_called him as would_follow himself? He_will_give in/into/on in_sight his people/nations, and kings will_obtain: will_give as_if dust with_a_sword his, like straw with_the_wind raptam arcui his.)

41.2 Quis suscitavit ab oriente. ID. Quidam Hebræorum hoc ad Cyrum regem Persarum referunt, etc., usque ad qui ab initio cognovit hæc.

41.2 Who raised away east. ID. Some Hebrewrum this to Cyrum the_king Persarum they_report, etc., until to who/which away at_first/in_the_beginning he_knew these_things.

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

מִ֤י הֵעִיר֙ מִ⁠מִּזְרָ֔ח צֶ֖דֶק

who? stirred_up from_[the],east righteousness

Yahweh is using the question form to assert that he himself is the one who has done this. If a speaker of your language would not use the question form for that purpose, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: [I have awakened righteousness from the rising of the sun, calling it to my foot.]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

צֶ֖דֶק

righteousness

Here, righteousness represents “a righteous conqueror,” the one whom Yahweh has raised up to act righteously. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [a righteous conqueror]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

מִ⁠מִּזְרָ֔ח

from_[the],east

Yahweh is using the rising of the sun as a common expression of the culture to mean “the east.” If this phrase does not have that meaning for your readers, you could use a comparable expression from your language that does have that meaning, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [from the eastern region]

Note 4 topic: writing-pronouns

יִקְרָאֵ֣⁠הוּ לְ⁠רַגְל֑⁠וֹ

it,meets_him to,foot_of,his

The pronoun it refers to the conqueror whom Yahweh has summoned. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: [calling this conqueror to his service]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

יִקְרָאֵ֣⁠הוּ לְ⁠רַגְל֑⁠וֹ

it,meets_him to,foot_of,his

Yahweh is using to his foot as a common expression of the culture to mean summoning someone into his service to follow him. If this phrase does not have that meaning for your readers, you could use a comparable expression from your language that does have that meaning, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [calling it to follow him]

Note 6 topic: writing-pronouns

יִתֵּ֨ן לְ⁠פָנָ֤י⁠ו גּוֹיִם֙

he/it_gave before,,him nations

The pronoun He refers to the Yahweh. The possessive pronoun his refers to Cyrus. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: [Yahwey places nations before Cyrus]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

יִתֵּ֨ן לְ⁠פָנָ֤י⁠ו גּוֹיִם֙

he/it_gave before,,him nations

Here, to his face represents this conqueror being in front of an enemy, that is, attacking that enemy in battle. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [he enables him to defeat nations when he fights against them]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וּ⁠מְלָכִ֣ים יַ֔רְדְּ

and,kings subdues

Here Yahweh is speaking of the conqueror defeating kings as if he physically tramples them. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [and he defeats kings]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

יִתֵּ֤ן כֶּֽ⁠עָפָר֙ חַרְבּ֔⁠וֹ

he/it_gave like,dust sword_of,his

The point of this comparison is that just as dust is easily scattered and blown away, so the conqueror easily destroys his enemies with his sword. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: [He destroys them with his sword as easily as wind scatters dust]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

כְּ⁠קַ֥שׁ נִדָּ֖ף קַשְׁתּֽ⁠וֹ

like,chaff wind-driven bow_of,his

The point of this comparison is that just as driven straw is helplessly scattered by the wind, so the conqueror’s enemies are helplessly scattered before his bow. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: [scattered helplessly before his bow]

Note 11 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

חַרְבּ֔⁠וֹ & קַשְׁתּֽ⁠וֹ

sword_of,his & bow_of,his

Here, his sword and his bow represent “warfare,” the conqueror’s military power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [with his military power … with his military strength]

Parallel ISA 41:2