OET interlinear PSA 23:5

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

תַּעֲרֹ֬ךְ לְ⁠פָנַ֨⁠י ׀ שֻׁלְחָ֗ן נֶ֥גֶד צֹרְרָ֑⁠י דִּשַּׁ֖נְתָּ בַ⁠שֶּׁ֥מֶן רֹ֝אשִׁ֗⁠י כּוֹסִ֥⁠י רְוָיָֽה

(Some words not found in UHB: prepare to/for=my=face/front table in_the_presence_of foes_of,my anoint with, my=head ,my רְוָיָה )

David is speaking of God’s care and provision as if God were a host preparing a feast for an honored guest. The image includes arranging a table with food, anointing the guest’s head with oil as a sign of welcome and honor, and filling the guest’s cup to overflowing. If this image communicates well in your language, please use it. If not, you could express this as a comparison. Alternate translation: [In front of my enemies you provide for me and honor me like a host preparing a feast for a special guest]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

לְ⁠פָנַ֨⁠י

to/for=my=face/front

Here, before my face represents being in David’s presence. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [in my presence] or [for me]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

נֶ֥גֶד צֹרְרָ֑⁠י

in_the_presence_of foes_of,my

The implication is that God provides for and protects David even when he is surrounded by those who wish to harm him. This demonstrates God’s protection and care in dangerous situations. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [while my enemies watch] or [even though my enemies are present]

Note 4 topic: translate-symaction

דִּשַּׁ֖נְתָּ בַ⁠שֶּׁ֥מֶן רֹ֝אשִׁ֗⁠י

(Some words not found in UHB: prepare to/for=my=face/front table in_the_presence_of foes_of,my anoint with, my=head ,my רְוָיָה )

In that culture, putting scented oil on a guest’s head was a symbolic action by which a host showed honor to and welcomed a guest. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action in the text of your translation or in a footnote. Alternate translation: [you have honored me by anointing my head with oil] or [you have honored and welcomed me by anointing my head with oil]

Note 5 topic: translate-symaction

כּוֹסִ֥⁠י רְוָיָֽה

,my רְוָיָה

In that culture, filling a guest’s wine cup to overflowing was a symbolic action by which a host showed that they intended to abundantly and liberally provide for their guest. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action in the text of your translation or in a footnote. Alternate translation: [you have blessed me abundantly]