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Lamentations
How Lonely Lies the City!
How[fn] lonely lies the city,
once so full of people!
She who was great among the nations
has become a widow.
The princess of the provinces
has become a slave.
2She weeps aloud in the night,
with tears upon her cheeks.
Among all her lovers
there is no one to comfort [her].
All her friends have betrayed her;
they have become her enemies.
3Judah has gone into exile
under affliction and harsh slavery;
she dwells among the nations
but finds no place to rest.
All her pursuers have overtaken her
in the midst of her distress.
4The roads to Zion mourn,
because no one comes to her appointed feasts.
All her gates are deserted;
her priests groan,
her maidens grieve,
and she herself is bitter with anguish
5Her foes have become her masters;
her enemies are at ease.
For the LORD has brought her grief
because of her many transgressions.
Her children have gone away
as captives before the enemy.
6All the splendor has departed
from the Daughter of Zion.
Her princes are like deer
that find no pasture;
they lack the strength to flee
in the face of the hunter.
7In the days of her affliction and wandering
Jerusalem remembers all the treasures
that were hers in days of old.
When her people fell into enemy hands
she received no help
Her enemies looked upon her,
laughing at her downfall.
8Jerusalem has sinned greatly
therefore she has become an object of scorn.
All who honored her now despise her,
for they have seen her nakedness
she herself groans and turns away.
9Her uncleanness stains her skirts;
she did not consider her end.
Her downfall was astounding;
there was no one to comfort her.
Look, O LORD, on my affliction,
for the enemy has triumphed!
10The adversary has seized
all her treasures.
For she has seen the nations
enter her sanctuary—
those You had forbidden
to enter Your assembly
11All her people groan
as they search for bread.
They have traded their treasures for food
to keep themselves alive
Look, O LORD, and consider,
for I have become despised.
12Is this nothing to you, all you who pass by?
Look around and see!
Is there any sorrow like mine,
which was inflicted on me,
which the LORD made me suffer
on the day of His fierce anger?
13He sent fire from on high,
and it overpowered my bones.
He spread a net for my feet
and turned me back.
He made me desolate,
faint all the day long.
14My transgressions are bound into a yoke,[fn]
knit together by His hand;
they are draped over my neck,
and the Lord has broken my strength.
He has delivered me into the hands
of those I cannot withstand.
15The Lord has rejected
all the mighty men in my midst;
He has summoned an army against me[fn]
to crush my young warriors.
Like grapes in a winepress,
the Lord has trampled the Virgin Daughter of Judah.
16For these things I weep;
my eyes flow with tears.
For there is no one nearby to comfort me,
no one to revive my soul.
My children are destitute
because the enemy has prevailed.
17Zion stretches out her hands,
but there is no one to comfort her.
The LORD has decreed against Jacob
that his neighbors become his foes.
Jerusalem has become
an unclean thing among them.
18The LORD is righteous
yet I rebelled against His command.
Listen, all you people
look upon my suffering.
My young men and maidens
have gone into captivity.
19I called out to my lovers,
but they have betrayed me.
My priests and elders
perished in the city
while they searched for food
to keep themselves alive.
20See, O LORD, how distressed I [am]!
I am churning within;
my heart is pounding within me,
for I have been most rebellious
Outside, the sword bereaves;
inside, there is death.
21People have heard my groaning,
but there is no one to comfort me.
All my enemies have heard of my trouble;
they are glad that You have caused it.
May You bring the day You have announced,
so that they may become like me.
22Let all their wickedness come before You,
and deal with them
as You have dealt with me
because of all my transgressions.
For my groans are many,
and my heart is faint. 2
God’s Anger over Jerusalem
How[fn] the Lord has covered the Daughter of Zion
with the cloud of His anger!
He has cast the glory of Israel
from heaven to earth.
He has abandoned His footstool
in the day of His anger.
2Without pity the Lord has swallowed up
all the dwellings of Jacob.
In His wrath He has demolished
the fortified cities of the Daughter of Judah.
He brought to the ground and defiled
her kingdom and its princes.
3In fierce anger He has cut off
every horn[fn] of Israel
[and] withdrawn His right hand
at the approach of the enemy.
He has burned in Jacob like a flaming fire
that consumes everything around it.
4He has bent His bow like an enemy;
His right hand is positioned.
Like a foe He has killed
all who were pleasing to the eye;
He has poured out His wrath like fire
on the tent of the Daughter of Zion.
5The Lord is like an enemy;
He has swallowed up Israel.
He has swallowed up all her palaces
and destroyed her strongholds.
He has multiplied mourning and lamentation
for the Daughter of Judah.
6He has laid waste His tabernacle like a garden booth;
He has destroyed His place of meeting.
The LORD has made Zion forget
her appointed feasts and Sabbaths.
In His fierce anger
He has despised [both] king and priest.
7The Lord has rejected His altar;
He has abandoned His sanctuary;
He has delivered the walls of her palaces
into the hand of the enemy.
They have raised a shout in the house of the LORD
as on the day of an appointed feast.
8The LORD determined to destroy
the wall of the Daughter of Zion.
He stretched out a measuring line
and did not withdraw His hand from destroying.
He made the ramparts and walls lament;
together they waste away.
9Her gates have sunk into the ground;
He has destroyed and shattered their bars.
Her king and her princes are [exiled] among the nations,
the law is no more,
and even her prophets
find no vision from the LORD.
10The elders of the Daughter of Zion
sit on the ground in silence.
They have thrown dust on their heads
and put on sackcloth.
The young women of Jerusalem
have bowed their heads to the ground.
11My eyes fail from weeping;
I am churning within.
My heart is poured out in grief
over the destruction of the daughter of my people,
because children and infants faint
in the streets of the city.
12They cry out to their mothers:
“ Where is the grain and wine?”
as they faint like the wounded
in the streets of the city,
as their lives fade away
in the arms of their mothers.
13What can I say for you?
To what can I compare you,
O Daughter of Jerusalem?
To what can I liken you,
that I may console you,
O Virgin Daughter of Zion?
For your wound is as deep as the sea.
Who can ever heal you?
14The visions of your prophets
were empty and deceptive;
they did not expose your guilt
to ward off your captivity.
The burdens they envisioned for you
were empty and misleading.
15All who pass by
clap their hands at you [in scorn].
They hiss and shake their heads
at the Daughter of Jerusalem:
“ Is this the city that was called
the perfection of beauty,
the joy of all the earth?”
16All your enemies
open their mouths against you.
They hiss and gnash their teeth,
saying,“We have swallowed her up.
This is the day for which we have waited.
We have lived to see it!”
17The LORD has done what He planned;
He has accomplished His decree,
which He ordained in days of old;
He has overthrown you without pity.
He has let the enemy gloat over you
and exalted the horn[fn] of your foes.
18The hearts [of the people]
cry out to the Lord.[fn]
O wall of the Daughter of Zion,
let your tears run down like a river
day and night.
Give yourself no relief,
and your eyes no rest.
19Arise, cry out in the night
from the first watch of the night.[fn]
Pour out your heart like water
in the presence of the Lord.
Lift up your hands to Him
for the lives of your children
who are fainting from hunger
on the corner of every street.
20Look, O LORD, and consider:
Whom have You [ever] treated like this?
Should women eat their offspring,
the infants they have nurtured?
Should priests and prophets be killed
in the sanctuary of the Lord
21Both young and old lie together
in the dust of the streets.
My young men and maidens
have fallen by the sword.
You have slain [them] in the day of Your anger;
You have slaughtered [them] without compassion.
22You summoned my terrors on every side,
as for the day of an appointed feast.
In the day of the LORD’s anger
no one escaped or survived;
my enemy has destroyed
those I nurtured and reared. 3
The Prophet’s Afflictions
I[fn] am the man who has seen affliction
under the rod of [God’s] wrath.
2He has driven me away and made me walk
in darkness instead of light.
3Indeed, He keeps turning His hand
against me all day long
4He has worn away my flesh and skin;
He has shattered my bones.
5He has besieged me and surrounded me
with bitterness and hardship.
6He has made me dwell in darkness
like those dead for ages.
7He has walled me in so I cannot escape;
He has weighed me down with chains.
8Even when I cry out and plead for help,
He shuts out my prayer.
9He has barred my ways with cut stones;
He has made my paths crooked.
10He is a bear lying in wait,
a lion hiding in ambush.
11He forced me off my path and tore me to pieces;
He left me without help.
12He bent His bow
and set me as the target for His arrow.
13He pierced my kidneys
with His arrows
14I am a laughingstock to all my people;
they mock me in song all day long
15He has filled me with bitterness;
He has intoxicated me with wormwood.
16He has ground my teeth with gravel
and trampled me in the dust.
17My soul has been deprived of peace;
I have forgotten what prosperity is.
18So I say, “ My strength has perished,
along with my hope from the LORD.”
19The Prophet’s Hope
Remember my affliction and wandering,
the wormwood and the gall.
20Surely my soul remembers
and is humbled within me.
21Yet I call this to mind,
and therefore I have hope:
22Because of the loving devotion[fn] of the LORD we are not consumed,
for His mercies never fail.
23They are new every morning
great is Your faithfulness!
24“ The LORD is my portion,” says my soul,
“ therefore I will hope in Him.”
25The LORD is good to those who wait for Him,
to the soul who seeks Him.
26It is good to wait quietly
for the salvation of the LORD.
27It is good for a man to bear the yoke
while he is still young.
28Let him sit alone in silence,
for [the LORD] has laid it upon him.
29Let him bury his face in the dust—
perhaps there is still hope.
30Let him offer his cheek to the one who would strike him;
let him be filled with reproach.
31For the Lord will not
cast us off forever.
32Even if He causes grief, He will show compassion
according to His abundant loving devotion.
33For He does not willingly afflict
or grieve the sons of men.
34To crush underfoot
all the prisoners of the land,
35to deny a man justice
before the Most High,
36to subvert a man in his lawsuit—
of these the Lord does not approve.
37God’s Justice
Who has spoken and it came to pass,
unless the Lord has ordained it?
38Do not both adversity and good
come from the mouth of the Most High?
39Why should any mortal man complain,
in view of [his] sins?
40Let us examine and test our ways,
and turn back to the LORD.
41Let us lift up our hearts and hands
to God in heaven:
42“ We have sinned and rebelled;
You have not forgiven.”
43You have covered Yourself in anger and pursued us;
You have killed without pity.
44You have covered Yourself with a cloud
that no prayer can pass through.
45You have made us scum and refuse
among the nations.
46All our enemies
open their mouths against us.
47Panic and pitfall have come upon us —
devastation and destruction.
48Streams of tears flow from my eyes
over the destruction of the daughter of my people.
49My eyes overflow unceasingly
without relief,
50until the LORD
looks down from heaven and sees.
51My eyes bring grief to my soul
because of all the daughters of my city.
52Without cause my enemies
hunted me like a bird.
53They dropped me alive into a pit
and cast stones upon me.
54The waters flowed over my head,
and I thought I was going to die.
55I called on Your name, O LORD,
out of the depths of the Pit.
56You heard my plea:
“ Do not ignore my cry for relief.”
57You drew near when I called on You;
You said,“Do not be afraid.”
58You defend my cause, O Lord;
You redeem my life.
59You have seen, O LORD, the wrong done to me;
vindicate my cause!
60You have seen all their malice,
all their plots against me.
61O LORD, You have heard their insults,
all their plots against me —
62the slander and murmuring of my assailants
against me all day long.
63When they sit and when they rise,
see how vvv they mock me in song.
64You will pay them back what they deserve, O LORD,
according to the work of their hands.
65Put a veil of anguish over their hearts;
may Your curse be upon them!
66You will pursue them in anger and exterminate them
from under [Your] heavens, O LORD. 4
The Distress of Zion
How[fn] the gold has become tarnished,
the pure gold has become dull!
The gems of the temple lie scattered
on every street corner.
2How the precious sons of Zion,
once worth their weight in pure gold,
are now esteemed as jars of clay,
the work of a potter’s hands!
3Even jackals[fn] offer their breasts
to nurse their young,
[but] the daughter of my people has become cruel,
like an ostrich in the wilderness.
4The nursing infant’s tongue
clings in thirst to the roof of his mouth.
Little children beg for bread,
but no one gives them any.
5Those who once ate delicacies
are destitute in the streets;
those brought up in crimson
huddle in ash heaps.
6The punishment[fn] of the daughter of my people
is greater than [that] of Sodom,
which was overthrown in an instant
without a hand turned to help her.
7Her dignitaries were brighter than snow,
whiter than milk;
their bodies were more ruddy than rubies,
their appearance[fn] like sapphires.[fn]
8But now their appearance is blacker than soot;
they are not recognized in the streets.
Their skin has shriveled on their bones;
it has become as dry as a stick.
9Those slain by the sword are better off
than those who die of hunger,
who waste away, pierced with pain
because the fields lack produce.
10The hands of compassionate women
have cooked their own children,
who became their food
in the destruction of the daughter of my people.
11The LORD has exhausted His wrath;
He has poured out His fierce anger;
He has kindled a fire in Zion,
and it has consumed her foundations.
12The kings of the earth did not believe,
nor any people of the world,
that an enemy or a foe
could enter the gates of Jerusalem.
13[But this was] for the sins of her prophets
and the guilt of her priests,
who shed the blood of the righteous
in her midst.
14They wandered blind in the streets,
defiled by this blood,
so that no one dared
to touch their garments.
15“Go away! Unclean!”
men shouted at them.
“Away, away! Do not touch us!”
So they fled and wandered.
Among the nations it was said,
“They can stay here no longer.”
16The presence of the LORD has scattered them;
He regards them no more.
The priests vvv vvv are shown no honor;
the elders find no favor.
17All the while our eyes were failing
as we looked in vain for help.
We watched from our towers
for a nation [that] could not save us.
18They stalked our every step,
so that we could not walk in our streets.
Our end drew near, our time ran out,
for our end had come!
19Those who chased us were swifter
than the eagles in the sky;
they pursued us over the mountains
and ambushed us in the wilderness.
20The LORD’s anointed, the breath of our life,
was captured in their pits.
We had said of him,
“Under his shadow we will live among the nations.”
21So rejoice and be glad, O Daughter of Edom,
[you] who dwell in the land of Uz.
Yet the cup will pass to you as well;
you will get drunk and expose yourself.
22O Daughter of Zion, your punishment is complete;
He will not prolong your exile.[fn]
But He will punish your iniquity, O Daughter of Edom;
He will expose your sins. 5
A Prayer for Restoration
Remember, O LORD, what has happened to us.
Look and see our disgrace!
2Our inheritance has been turned over to strangers,
our houses to foreigners.
3We have become fatherless orphans;
our mothers are widows.
4We must buy the water we drink;
our wood comes at a price.
5We are closely pursued;
we are weary [and find] no rest.
6We submitted to Egypt [and] Assyria
to get enough bread.
7Our fathers sinned [and are] no more,
but we bear their punishment.
8Slaves rule over us;
[there is] no one to deliver us from their hands.
9We get our bread at the risk of our lives
because of the sword in the wilderness.
10Our skin is as hot as an oven
with fever from [our] hunger.
11Women have been ravished in Zion,
virgins in the cities of Judah.
12Princes have been hung up by their hands;
elders receive no respect
13Young men toil at millstones;
boys stagger under loads of wood.
14The elders have left the city gate;
the young men [have stopped] their music.
15Joy has left our hearts;
our dancing has turned to mourning.
16The crown has fallen from our head.
Woe to us, for we have sinned!
17Because of this, our hearts are faint;
because of these, our eyes grow dim—
18because of Mount Zion, which lies desolate,
patrolled by foxes.
19You, O LORD, reign forever;
Your throne endures from generation to generation.
20Why have You forgotten us forever?
Why have You forsaken us for so long
21Restore us to Yourself, O LORD, so we may return;
renew our days as of old,
22unless You have utterly rejected us
and remain angry with us beyond measure
1:1 This chapter is an acrostic poem, each verse beginning with the successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
1:14 Most Hebrew manuscripts; other Hebrew manuscripts and LXX He kept watch over my sins
1:15 Or has set a time for me
2:1 This chapter is an acrostic poem, each verse beginning with the successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
2:3 Or all the strength
2:17 Or the strength
2:18 Literally Their heart cries out to the Lord.
2:19 That is, between six and nine at night
3:1 This chapter is an acrostic poem, each 3–verse stanza beginning with the successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
3:22 Forms of the Hebrew chesed are translated here and in most cases throughout the Scriptures as loving devotion; the range of meaning includes love, goodness, kindness, faithfulness, and mercy, as well as loyalty to a covenant.
4:1 This chapter is an acrostic poem, each verse beginning with the successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
4:3 Or serpents or dragons
4:6 Or iniquity
4:7 Or their polishing or their hair
4:7 Hebrew lapis lazuli
4:22 Or He will not exile you again